Психологія професійного становлення фахівця з фізичної реабілітації

Abstract

У дисертації представлено цілісну концепцію дослідження професійного становлення фахівця з фізичної реабілітації, яку розглянуто через призму функціонування структурно-динамічної (організаційної) парадигми «професійно значущий досвід» – «професійна надійність» – «професійна автентичність» – «професійна унікальність» у просторі професійної діяльності. Під процесом професійного становлення особистості розуміється розвиток потенціалу і ресурсів фахівця, які сприяють його професійному саморозвиткові і самореалізації в контексті загальнолюдської культури, конкретних умов життєдіяльності та професійної діяльності, в ході опанування і відтворення ним соціальних норм та цінностей. Професійне становлення особистості розглядається з позицій раціогуманістичної психології – як управління процесом формування суб’єктної професійно-особистісної позиції, що відбувається під впливом суб’єктивних і об’єктивних чинників, які актуалізують процес реалізації стратегій управління особистісними ресурсами, задіяними для здійснення професійного становлення індивіда. На основі емпіричного дослідження встановлено професійно важливі якості, здатності та новоутворення особистості, які мають бути сформовані у фахівців з фізичної реабілітації для успішного здійснення ними професійної діяльності. З урахуванням результатів експериментального дослідження побудовано структурно-функціональну модель професійного становлення майбутнього фахівця з фізичної реабілітації. Емпіричним шляхом з’ясовано психологічні особливості, чинники та умови професійного становлення фахівця з фізичної реабілітації. The dissertation presents justified conception of the research of professional growth of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation, which is considered through the prism of functioning of the structural and dynamic organizational paradigm «professionally significant experience» – «professional reliability» – «professional authenticity» – «professional uniqueness». The process of professional growth of a person means the development of the potential and resources of a specialist, which contribute to his/her professional self-development and self-realization in the context of human culture. This process determines specific conditions of the person’s life and professional activity, in the course of mastering and reproducing social norms and values by a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation. Professional growth of the person is considered by us from the standpoint of ratio-humanitarian Psychology – as the management of the process of formation of subject’s professional and personal position, which is influenced by subjective and objective factors that actualize the process of implementing strategies for managing personal resources involved into the professional development of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation. The conceptual model of the professional development of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation was proposed. It includes the specialist’s readiness for providing professional activity, a high level of his/her professional competence and professional reflection, as well as professionally significant experience, professional reliability, professional authenticity and professional uniqueness of the individual. The structure of the professionally significant experience of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation was proposed, the functional space of his/her experience was outlined. The components of the professionally significant experience of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation include: 1) valuable experience; 2) experience of reflecting one’s own professional activity; 3) operating experience. The model of the professional authenticity of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation was developed. Its components and functions were separated, the levels of functioning of these components were characterized. The professional authenticity of a specialist is understood as a multidimensional personal formation, which is regulated by social and professional norms and forms of the professional activity that are arisen on the basis of professional programs and professional patterns of specialist’s behavior and activity. The professional reliability of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation is explained as a prerequisite for his/her successful professional development. A bifurcation model of the professional reliability of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation was constructed and the aspects of its explication were determined: a cognitive aspect; an empathic aspect; a behavioral aspect; a socially-valuable aspect. It was established that professional uniqueness was a neoplasm of the person, which met the needs of the individual and was the most important condition for his/her development and vital well-being. Professional uniqueness contributes to the updating of the person’s subjectivity and the maintenance of his/her mental health; it allows the person to adapt, to develop his/her qualities and peculiarities and to be productive in all spheres of our life. Taking into account theoretical and conceptual backgrounds of our research, the forms of professional uniqueness were proposed: a narcissistic form, formalized one, an eclectic form, a hedonistic one, a deontological form, a dramatic one, an ideal form, an illusory one, an immanent form. The meaning of these forms was revealed. Taking into account the results of our experimental research, a structural and functional model of the professional growth of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation was constructed, which includes the program of facilitation of his/her professional formation. The latter consists of four blocks: the content-adaptation block, a projective-resource one, the organizational-stimulating block and a reflexive developmental one. In the process of forming experiment it was confirmed the effectiveness of the program of facilitation of professional growth of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation. The psychological training «The formation of social intelligence, the development of professional reflection and the formation of professional reliability of a future specialists» was developed and tested during the forming experiment. It contains five blocks of exercises that actualize the components of students’ social intelligence and, as a result, promote the development of their professional reflection, as well as facilitate the formation of the professional reliability of a future specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation. On the basis of empirical research, professionally important qualities, abilities and neoplasms of the person have been established, which should be formed according to specialists in a field of physical rehabilitation for successful pursuit of their professional activity. Psychological features, factors and conditions of the professional growth of a specialist in a field of physical rehabilitation have been empirically investigated.